International & World Report

"Nuclear power is one reason for the choice of France, not a choice of passion," said Eric Besson justified this Friday morning on Europe 1 radio. Recalling that the energy brought to France an "energy independence" and that it limited the emissions of greenhouse gases, the Minister of Industry, Energy and the Digital Economy has reported that "the certainty absolute "that electricity prices would be higher for the French consumer without nuclear.

The minister, however, announced that a "great foresight exercise", called "Energy 2050" was launched on Friday, "few hours". "We will study all possible scenarios (…) the energy mix for years to come."

No cases will be avoided, he said, "including so-called scenarios of nuclear power," even if "no belief" or "the choice of the Government and the President of the Republic." "To say 'out nuclear power', it means nothing, he said. What is interesting is to know where it is replaced, what consequences for the dependency [energy], how much it costs to businesses and consumers and with what consequences for greenhouse gas emissions. "

The program, which provides an "analysis of energy demand in France and the world" and "all sources of production" will be led by "the services of Bercy, with a number of experts and personalities independent, "the minister said without giving further details no fax cash advances.

Fessenheim: no suspension or moratorium

Eric Besson has also confirmed that the Fessenheim nuclear power plant in Alsace will not be subject to suspension of its business, or a moratorium. "The Nuclear Safety Authority, which is totally independent of political power, EDF has given permission to stay in business for ten years subject to a number of works. So Fessenheim continue its business, "he added.

But he added that "Fessenheim be subject, like all French nuclear power plants in Fukushima post-audit," an audit requested by the government to learn from the nuclear disaster that occurred in Japan in March. "The nuclear safety authority may make other decisions," he said.

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This year, no fewer than five new brands join forces for the first time in the Tour: Alcatel, Qatar Airways, Europcar (which also sponsors a team), and Banette Sojasun. It's better than in 2010, where three new partners (Digital, Teisseire, Cakes Saint-Michel) had entered the Tour.

It is true that the pyramidal organization sponsors tickets with different specific and visibility – enables sponsors to enjoy the varied biggest cycling race in the world. To be included in the club of four key partners alongside LCL, Vittel, Carrefour or Skoda, with arrangements for wider visibility and exclusivity of the brand associated with the Tour, it takes 3.5 to 5,000,000 of euros per year.

For their part the official partners (ten in total) as Antargaz, Orange, Festina, AG2R La Mondiale, Brandt or the PMU (the green jersey sponsor) must raise between 600,000 and one million euros. For that amount, they have a pavilion at the Village, a place in the publicity caravan and a right of communication associated with the Tour. Finally, the 17 official suppliers, engaged for three years, such as the ever-present Cochonou (14 years on the run), Nesquik, Sodexo, Etap Hotel and Haribo, capitalizing heavily on trade marketing operations, but are not associated with the sports section. Average amount of investment: between 300 and 500,000 euros.

Not to mention the octogenarian Caravan advertising that drives the pre-race with 160 vehicles and thirty brands that are paying 37,000 euros for the right to four vehicles (6300 euros per additional vehicle) and distribute the artists receive "goodies" . In anticipation of its 40 year history, has completely revamped its Cochonou device caravan and bobs will distribute 100,000 collectors, 400,000 sachets sausage, or 5000 bags. "Since our arrival in this race, we settled in aided awareness 95%.As for our market share by volume, it increases by 1.5 points during the competition each summer to 12%, "said Schneider Laétitia, Brand Manager for Cochonou.

Proof if any of the enthusiasm for marketing the event, we already know a new partner of the Tour in 2012: Le Coq Sportif, which will become the new supplier of ASO, some 60 years after a first experience!

New technologies invite themselves

Like likes to remember year after year Yvon Breton, No. 1 group collective foresight AG2R La Mondiale, signing 15-year presence in the bicycle, via a team (9 million budget) and a partnership with ASO, "what is the event that can give his name to a team that generates advertising equivalent of several million euros?" In 2010, they corresponded to 90 100% free credit score.5 million purchase of space or a new level, against 63 million euros in 2009. "We remain on the bike because it can continue to install the brand," he insists.Traveling agency that the group installed on each step also enables it to host more than 40,000 people during the three weeks of the competition and also to distribute the number of "goodies".

The media is probably the maximum calculation made by Alcatel One Touch, a newcomer to the team of partners ASO, which is the first investment in sports sponsorship. "We have a public position and the Tour is the premier event that allows us to reach out to families, much more available at this time of year, because vanaces," says Ludovic Leray, head of sponsorship. For his debut in the sport, the distributor of mobile phones and internet products will have a visibility distance through the appearance of its logo during the "course info" for the steps.It will also be the first partner to the general public to support the publicity caravan of the inside line, thanks to its smart phones and via Facebok and Twitter. Alcatel One Touch will also benefit from the device and expects to receive 550 hospitality guests during the Tour.

The passion is the same side of town who dream of one day hosting the festival of cycling. London did not hesitate to pay 10 million euros for the Tour in 2007, bringing together more than one million spectators along the Thames. The budget for a city of Grand departure starts at 2 million euros oeut effectivelment exceed the threshold of 10 million. Fortunately, the bill is more reasonable for the typical stages: 90 000 euros for a city of arrival, 60 000 euros for a departure city or 150,000 euros for the candidates to the city of rest.Result: ASO boasts more than 200 cities bidding to host the next edition of the Tour. What up years of the race tracks.

The ASO model is it infinitely expandable? "One wonders how the public finds it among the many brands partner on the Tour. Too many companies these may influence the visibility futures, "warns Marc Mazodier, research professor in marketing at the ISG business school. Specialist ambush marketing (ie ambush marketing), it stresses the need for brands to differentiate themselves from each other by a real working partnerships activation.

At Paris Air Show, Airbus steals record after record. While the European aircraft manufacturer has been a landmark order yesterday from the Indian carrier IndiGo, involving 180 Airbus A320 150 A320neo, a subsidiary of EADS could do better on Thursday. During the fourth day of the Paris Air Show, Boeing expected to announce the largest order in the history of civil aviation in the number of devices with 200 A320neo from Air Asia.

In addition, American Airlines is about to acquire from Airbus over 100 single-aisle A320 series, according to Bloomberg. The price of the order could amount to about $ 8.5 billion at list prices. These devices replace less efficient airplanes like the Boeing 757 and MD-80.This command would be a setback for Boeing since the company is usually the client U.S. aircraft manufacturer, Airbus' main competitor.

After its intention to buy A320neo, the airline GoAir Indian low cost has signed a firm order this morning for 72 medium-haul of its kind.

Since the beginning of the show, the success of the A320neo is undeniable: it should pass the milestone of 1000, just seven months after its commercial launch. Subsidiary of EADS has already exceeded its targets since was 500 A320 orders by the end of Bourget.

Other models also reap Airbus orders this Thursday

The A380 also encounter expressions of interest. Skymark Airlines has confirmed Thursday morning ordering two A380s.The amount of this additional order would reach at list price, $ 750 million.

In addition, Airbus hopes to get "a significant portion" of the large order that would formalize Air France-KLM this summer, said Thursday Fabrice Brégier, Chief Operating Officer of the European aircraft manufacturer. The French company could opt for the A350 model. "We believe that the A350 has advantages over the Boeing 787. For us to make to Air France-KLM, "commented the manager.

For now, the official death toll is over 700 orders and options, including 347 firm orders for Airbus in three days. The total amount of these orders, at list prices, at more than $ 65 billion.Boeing is so far below as the U.S. garnered 126 orders and options, including 61 farms, pour19 billion.

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U.S. stock markets failed to bounce back Tuesday. The Dow Jones closed at a decline of 0.55% at 12,480 points and the S & P dropped 0.04% to 1329 points. Only the Nasdaq managed to get back into positive territory and ended up on 0.03% to 2783 points.

Greece and Portugal, a source of concern

The caution is this Wednesday before the outcome of the meeting of the Eurogroup, which must rule on the case of Greece and Portugal endorse aid. The sovereign debt crisis continues to produce adverse effects on both sides of the Atlantic. In Europe, the fate of Greece crystallizes all concerns. Discussions on extending the term of the loan could still affect banks in Europe and the United States and creates a strong element of uncertainty in the stock market.

Wall Street is also proven by the uncertainties surrounding the U.S. debt.The U.S. Treasury announced Monday new measures of financial emergency to allow the U.S. federal government to continue to operate while the government fails to obtain an increase in the statutory limit on public debt, which was reached on May 16

Oil down

The market is also impacted by the downturn in the energy sector, while a barrel of crude has dropped more than $ 2 Monday in New York. On Tuesday, the decline continued on the New York Mercantile Exchange (Nymex). A barrel of light sweet crude for June delivery ended at 96.91 dollars, down 46 cents from the previous day."The crude market is a follower, very responsive to the dollar and the stock market," noted Rich Ilczyszyn, Lind-Waldock.

On the foreign exchange market precisely, the euro was changing, however, rose slightly on Tuesday against the dollar at 1.4156 dollars against 1.4153 dollars late Monday.

Bad news on the front of the property

More disturbing for operators, housing starts and building permits for homes have fallen sharply in April, the oversupply in the market, particularly related to foreclosures, discouraging new projects. According to figures released by the Commerce Department, housing starts fell 10.6% on a seasonally adjusted at an annual rate of 523,000 units, against 585,000 units in March (549,000 first announced) and 568,000 units expected by the market.

Moreover, industrial production in the United States remained stable in April, said Tuesday the U.S. central bank (Fed), while analysts believed it was up 0.5% from March.

HP heavily penalized

The side of values, Hewlett-Packard (-7.31% to 36.89 dollars) on Tuesday reported a sharp reduction in its annual forecast, highlighting the impact of the earthquake in Japan and lower sales of personal computers . The annual profit forecast was lowered to "at least five dollars per share, excluding special items, after a previous forecast of between" 5.20 and 5.28 dollars. "

Wal-Mart (-0.96% to 55.52 dollars) Tuesday reported a profit and a better than expected sales in the first quarter and delivered a goal in line with expectations for current quarter.[ID: nWEA1793] Earnings per share (EPS) from continuing operations stood at $ 0.98 over the period from January to March, against 0.95 expected by analysts according to Thomson Reuters I / B / E / S. Sales rose 4.4% to 103.4 billion, against a consensus of 102.93 billion.

Boeing (-1.41% to 76.67 dollars) has won an order from the U.S. Air Force $ 963 million for the construction of 5 C-17 cargo planes.In the same sector, Lockheed Martin hopes to sell 18 fighter jets F-16 fighter in Iraq and Oman by the beginning of 2012 and record orders for 100 additional aircraft F-16 in the world of By the end of the decade.

The casino group Las Vegas MGM (1.32% to 14.54 dollars) hopes to raise $ 1.5 billion public offering in Hong Kong by introducing its China branch, MGM China, a partnership between the U.S. parent and the daughter of the tycoon game that rules over Macau, Stanley Ho, said Tuesday the Wall Street Journal. The IPO is scheduled for early June.

The ambitions of BP (0.66% to 42.74 dollars) in the Arctic have suffered a serious setback after the oil giant announced today that no solution had been found on its proposed alliance with the Russian public group Rosneft in oil exploration.The agreement on a share swap of 16 billion dollars (11.2 billion euros) expired last night and the main obstacle to its realization, namely the opposition of the Russian shareholders in BP's joint venture in Russia , TNK-BP, could be lifted in time. The British oil company said that talks with Rosneft would continue despite the expiration of this Agreement. But people close to the Russian group claimed on their side that it was going to seek "new partners".

Moreover, a prosecutor in New York has opened an investigation into dubious practices to transform mortgage securities, says Lewalle Street Journal.Officials at Bank of America (+0.34% to 11.90 dollars), Goldman Sachs (+0.13% to 140.78 dollars) or Morgan Stanley (1.38% to 24.21 dollars) must be heard in the week by Attorney Eric Schneiderman.

Also note, the battle over the takeover of the transatlantic exchange operator NYSE Euronext (-3.44% to 34.50 dollars) ended Monday with the withdrawal of the cons-hostile bid launched by Nasdaq OMX (-1 , 07% to 25.95 dollars) and IntercontinentalExchange (-1.36% to 120.56 U.S. dollars), who threw in the towel before the opposition of the competition authorities.

Dominique Strauss-Kahn has been formally charged by prosecutors in New York "sexual assault" and "attempted rape" and "sequestration" a few hours after being arrested at the airport in New York, said Sunday police. The Director of the IMF, which should be presented in the day a judge, plead "not guilty", said one of his lawyers told Reuters. He was still detained at the police station at night in Harlem and should remain there until his transfer to the floor.

DSK was arrested Saturday at 16:45 (local time) at the airport John F. Kennedy, just before his departure for Paris, assault sexuelle.Il was then placed in custody at a police station in Harlem.

According to preliminary information gathered by the New York Times, the incident allegedly took place at 13 pm in a room at the Sofitel Hotel in Manhattan.A cleaning woman, aged 32, had entered the following former minister she thought incoccupée clean. Dominique Strauss-Kahn would be out of the bathroom naked and tried to sexually assault her.

A departure "in haste"

The woman managed to free themselves would be instantly and prevent some members of hotel staff, who contacted 911. When police arrived on site, DSK had already left the scene, leaving his mobile phone and personal effects. According to Paul J. Browne, spokesman for the New York Police quoted by the Associated Press, the head of the IMF seems to have left the hotel "in haste".

Investigators civilian Ports Authority of New York and New Jersey are then left to meet him at JFK airport, where he had boarded an Air France flight that was about to take off."We put him in custody and delivered to the New York Police Department (NYPD) said on condition of anonymity an official of the Ports Authority of New York and New Jersey. The investigation should be conducted by the special unit "Special Victims Unit."

A scandal in 2008

Dominique Strauss-Kahn had to participate Monday at a meeting of finance ministers of the euro area in Brussels, then make a speech Wednesday at the 12th Economic Forum. The IMF has not yet officially reacted to the arrest of its chairman. The Consul General of France in New York was able to meet DSK, BFM TV reported.

In recent weeks, Dominique Strauss-Kahn is the target of criticism in France on his lifestyle, his wealth being scrutinized in the press. He had cons-attack Friday in announcing a lawsuit against the daily France Soir.Following the former minister in the Sofitel was given to 3000 dollars a night, said that under the New York Times.

The IMF director's career was seriously threatened in October 2008 after the revelation of an extramarital liaison with a Hungarian economist of the institution. But Dominique Strauss-Kahn had been cleared of all charges of abuse of power by the Board of the IMF, which had alleged a "serious misjudgment". His star on the French political scene has not faded in this case, DSK continuing to prance in the polls As we approach the presidential election of 2012.

While Greece and Portugal have seen worse with a vengeance by the rating agencies in recent months, leaders protest against these messengers of bad news. Latest episode of this unequal struggle, the Greek finance ministry said on Monday that he rejected the further lowering of its rating by Standard & Poor's. A decision "has no validity," he judged.

"This degradation occurs in a period where no new information or decision aggravating the situation in Greece has occurred since the previous assessment, a month ago, has developed the ministry said in a statement. However, "the rating agency decisions must be based on evidence, decisions and real data evaluation of each economy.Otherwise, their validity is questioned. "

"Unfair Practices"

In Portugal, another country recently described by deterioration in score, four economists complained against rating agencies for "unfair practices" have caused "serious damage to state interests and the Portuguese people." An investigation was opened on 3 May, the newspaper Diario Economico. Last month, Jean-Claude Trichet himself, the president of the European Central Bank, which acknowledged that "high concentration" agency "was problematic." They are just three: Standard & Poor's, Moody's and Fitch.

Credit rating agencies have since the beginning of the crisis of sovereign debt, accused of feeding a downward spiral for the countries attacked by the markets.While the financial situation of Greece, Ireland and Portugal are deteriorating, their interest rates rise, adding to the same time the burden of debt. To reflect the worsening situation, the agencies in turn degrade the country and note those decisions lead to new increases in interest rates.

"Easy Target"

"Agencies are an easy target for politicians, it allows them to deceive," relativized a bank economist. "Above all they were not brilliant since the beginning of the crisis: they missed the subprime disaster and have not witnessed the arrival of sovereign debt problems in the eurozone." Until early 2010 All countries in the area benefited indeed flattering notes.Even Greece, while its debt was already over 120% of its gross domestic product.

A country in a precarious balance, however, seems to escape (temporarily?) With the severity of agencies: Belgium. For 11 months without a government, the country had been pressed flat to resolve its political crisis. But Saturday night, Prime Minister Yves Leterme Acting launched its Twitter account "Standard & Poor's less pressing." Under close supervision, Belgium should not be degraded immediately. An austerity plan adopted in April aims to balance public accounts in Belgium in 2015.

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After the death of Osama bin Laden, U.S. markets have opened higher on Monday. But the optimism did not last. After booting up 0.48% at 12,872 points, the Dow Jones has returned to equilibrium about 18.30 (-0.02% to 12,839 points), then tried to pick up but in vain: the index finish tiny drop of 0.03% at 12,807 points. The Standard & Poor's 500 and Nasdaq 100 lost 0.18% at 1361 points and 2864 points to 0.33%.

On all major exchanges in Asia and Europe, the reaction was positive on Monday after announcing the death of bin Laden. But the effect was short-lived.

The NYSE had ended up slightly vendredi.Sur the entire last week, the Dow Jones gained 2.43%, sailing now at its highest level since May 2008.The Standard & Poor's has made 1.96%, climbing to a new level since June 2008, and the Nasdaq experiencing the highest since December 2000, after rising 1.89% on the week. U.S. indices have been propelled by the quarterly results of companies. Indeed 73% of companies have released better than expected results for the first three months of the year.

Dollar up, oil down

And on the foreign exchange market, the dollar climbed against major currencies. Around 15:30 European currency resumed, however the height against the greenback.: The euro bought 1.4849 dollars against 1.4808 dollars on Friday night. The death of public enemy number one U.S. pushes investors to buy the greenback, especially low in recent weeks because of the decision of the U.S. central bank (Fed) maintain unchanged its policy of very low rates.

Similarly, oil prices, affected by the surge in the greenback, declined Monday. A barrel of light sweet crude for June delivery lost 57 cents to U.S. $ 113.236. Precious metals lose ground again this afternoon, even if less than this morning. The ounce of gold fell to 1546 dollars this morning against a previous record of 1575.79 dollars. It is from 1555 dollars to 15.30.

On the macroeconomic front, construction spending gained momentum in the United States, knowing their strongest growth in 11 months, 1.4%, according to data released Monday by the Commerce Department. In contrast, growth of manufacturing activity slowed for the second consecutive month in April, but less than expected, according to the index of industrial purchasing managers released Monday.This index, calculated by the Institute for Supply Management (ISM), stood at 60 paydayloan.4 in April after already slowed to 61.2 in March, against 61.4 in February. The 72 analysts and economists surveyed by Reuters had forecast an index to 60.0.

Macroeconomic agenda of the rest of the week is particularly busy overseas. The program included investors such as U.S. industrial orders (Tuesday), the PMI service on both sides of the Atlantic (Wednesday), quarterly productivity in the U.S. (Thursday).But the main highlight of the week on the macroeconomic level in the United States is expected Friday with the traditional monthly report on U.S. employment.

Apple on their toes

The side of values, PPR announced on Monday the launch of a friendly takeover of the American Volcom (23.92% to 24.45 dollars) (clothing and accessories for skateboarding), enhanced 516, 1 million euros, which, according to him, "a milestone" for the constitution of his pole "Sports and Lifestyle."The essence of sport and lifestyle center is formed by Puma, majority owned by PPR, which was completed in 2010 a turnover of 2.7 billion euros (+10.6%) and operating profit to 337.8 million euros, up 12.7%.

Always on the side of values, Apple (-0.36% to 348.88 dollars) might react to the announcement of Time which will offer a free edition of its magazine for iPad his paper subscribers, according to the Wall Street Journal.

On its side the oil giant Chevron (-0.70% to 108.67 dollars) has also announced after the close of Wall Street have made a profit in the first quarter of $ 6.2 billion against 4.6 billion a year past. Daily production rose to 2.76 million barrels per day against 2.78 million last year.Chevron also announced the construction of a new manufacturing lubricants in Mississippi to $ 1.4 billion.

For his part, Du Pont De Nemours (-0.25% to 56.65 dollars) has increased the amount of its bid for Danisco to 700 Danish kroner kroner against 665 previously.

Also note, the Wall Street Journal, Facebook's growth is higher than the forecasts made several months ago, the group is about to exceed two billion dollars of gross operating profit (EBITDA) in 2011. Still according to the Wall Street Journal, the benefits of Facebook now increase rapidly enough to justify a valuation of $ 100 billion or more from the perspective of an IPO. Facebook should be placed on the market by early next year.

World According to information dated Sunday-Monday, Turbomeca, a subsidiary of Safran's aerospace equipment, was the target of industrial espionage between January and September 2010, via its computer systems. This cyber-attack led to the opening this fall of an inquiry by the Central Directorate of Internal Intelligence (DCRI) to "introduction, removal and fraudulent alteration of computer data" the newspaper reported. Since then, more than a dozen people were put in custody, including employees of the group. Accurate knowledge of the company's computer systems have in fact led investigators to pose the question of a possible internal involvement.

The data referred mainly concern the technology of propeller systems designed by Turbomeca, the world leader in helicopter propellers, as well as financial data of its parent.Those responsible for this case considered "the most important spy of 2010" by DCRI would have gone by computer systems and mailboxes for company employees to access the global systems group, and confidential information technologies Turbomeca. Remains to be seen to what extent the employees concerned were aware or not these actions the newspaper, which refers to possible "corruption".

Several million euros to improve the protection

Pending further information on the extent of leakage from computer fraud, loss technological and Turbomeca Safran is "incalculable," says a source within the company. Moreover, it would already cost Safran "several million" in protection systems "to protect the company from further attacks."

The Chinese track, yet …

As for the Renault affair in the early stages of the investigation, the question arises of a possible involvement of a Chinese company, which is more partner Safran, and would have flown the intruder. They could have been motivated by the desire to "bridge the technology gap and to ensure that Saffron does not cheat on the recharge equipment sold to the Chinese Turbomeca" said an inside source in the world.

Nevertheless, the investigation should be closely monitored in the coming weeks. The many twists on the Renault affair continues to fuel the wildest rumors. No track should be set aside for the moment to avoid a second scandal in a company the size of Safran.

A folder that is even more sensitive than the activity of Saffron is highly strategic (the group team of military aircraft) and the French state owns 30.2% stake in the aerospace equipment. The group will publish its annual results on April 21, at the same time it will hold its general meeting. Until then, it should remain very secretive about the specifics of the investigation.

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While Free was sentenced on March 22, following a complaint by the association UFC-Que Choisir, to end a number of illegal practices, the operator has decided on Thursday to amend the terms and conditions (GTC) of its contracts, as revealed Freenews site. Free was a period of 15 days from service of the decision to end four practices deemed unfair, under penalty of 2000 euros per day of delay.

Major change: the cancellation fee will now be fixed at 49 euros, replacing the former "activation fee collection deferred to" step-down. This is the average amount for most operators. Previously, Free billed 96 euros lower than 3 euros a month old. Termination charges thus became void after two and a half years (32 months).

This is the most important provision of the ruling because it blew the system of "loyalty" set up by Free. "Again, an association of consumers, without even asking their opinion, defended and passed a decision that is far from the benefit of all subscribers, the site responded Freebox Universe. Subscribers will pay more termination fees after 2.5 years. It will not be the case. This system therefore no advantage that customers who stay less than a year and a half to Free. " "The system will be much more transparent. If the customer moved or changed box, restart from zero, "says Edouard Barreiro of UFC-Que Choisir cashadvance.

Another change is that Free users will now have their choice of method of payment: debit or credit card payment.Previously, Free debit imposed upon subscription of the subscription and required management fees of EUR 4 per month if the client insisted on paying by check or credit card. For refractory to direct debit, a deposit of 400 euros will be established.

New clauses

It is also now possible to terminate during the month, with repayment of overpayment. Previously, started month was due. Finally, the option "Service Plus" (to 9.99 euros per month) disappears. He was criticized for Free not to indicate it was purchased for a period of 12 months automatically renewed when the main subscription is taken for a period of one month renewable.

Free declined to comment Thursday.These new provisions will apply immediately to new customers who will validate the GCS, then automatically to other customers in the coming weeks, after a period of information.

Free is not the only one in the crosshairs of the UFC. The association has initiated proceedings on the GTC SFR six clauses were deemed unfair. And his complaint against eleven clauses Numericable is currently on appeal.

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Former boss of Microsoft, changed to humanitarian, takes his pilgrim's staff for the cause of the poor among European leaders, a few months before the G8 and G20 chaired by France. Pitches yesterday in Paris, where he met President Sarkozy, Minister of Economy Christine Lagarde, and Minister of Foreign Affairs, Alain Juppe, Bill Gates connects today by the European Parliament in Strasbourg, before reach Berlin. "There is a real risk in the context of crisis in the euro area, and shrinking budgets as the United States to relegate development assistance in the background," says the philanthropist, who placed more than a third of his fortune in his foundation, with 34 billion dollars.

In his meeting with Nicolas Sarkozy, Bill Gates has mainly supported the commitments made by States in favor of poor countries.The stated objective of the European Union is to spend, by 2015, 0.7% of GDP to official development assistance (ODA). The French will still have to prove, "said Bill Gates in substance. Although second in volume behind the United States, ODA accounted in 2009 only 0.46% of GDP and the president announced a freeze on 2011, 2012 and 2013. "If you remove this amount of debt relief and some other things that do not really help, it is even lower," he said.

British example

In particular, France makes no distinction between soft loans and grants. The American billionaire has, however, hailed the example of Britain, became a "reference", which despite its drastic cuts more money for development and by 2013 should reach 0.7%.

Bill Gates has agreed, at the request of Nicolas Sarkozy, the floor on innovative financing, particularly to study the proposal, championed by France, the tax on financial transactions. While recognizing that without the support of the United States would be difficult. It must report its findings in the context of the G20 summit next November in Cannes.

If he was in Paris yesterday, was also to present a communication campaign designed to combat misconceptions about development aid, designed in partnership with the NGO One, Bono, lead singer of U2. The campaign is called "Living Proof" (living proof). Transforming Lives. Together ". The message is clear: to prove, figures and examples to support the effectiveness of aid. Resolutely optimistic, Bill Gates sweeping criticisms of the hand. "Just look at the results," he insists.It's phenomenal. "The examples in the health and agriculture, the two priorities of its foundation, do not miss. "Just as I was talking about the magic of software, I now speak of the magic of vaccines." Magic which has, since 1988, reduce by 99% cases of polio. Malaria cases have dropped by 50% in 38 countries between 2000 and 2008. Deaths from measles in Africa have fallen by 92% between 2000 and 2008. Between 1990 and 2005 the number of people living in extreme poverty fell by 400 million …

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